All of the following laboratory findings are independent predictors of shorter survival in advanced heart failure, except:
a) Anemia
b) Elevated BUN and/or creatinine
c) Hypomagnesemia
d) Hyponatremia
Answer: c.
Anemia, elevated BUN/creatinine and low sodium are all common in heart failure and are independent survival prognostic factors.
See Fast Fact #143: CHF
